The role of the speech-language
April 26, 2026THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF THE SPEECH‑LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST IN THE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF DYSPHAGIA
The roles and responsibilities of health professionals in Québec are defined by the Code des professions du Québec:
https://www.legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/fr/document/lc/c-26
As stated in this Code, the legal scope of practice of speech‑language pathologists includes evaluating hearing, language, voice, and speech functions; determining a treatment and intervention plan; and ensuring its implementation with the goal of improving or restoring human communication within the individual’s environment.
Each health profession has activities that are reserved by law. Speech‑language pathologists have seven reserved activities, two of which apply directly to individuals with dysphagia:
- Evaluating speech and voice disorders
- Diagnosing language disorders and learning disabilities related to language
Speech‑language pathologists can play an important role in the assessment and treatment of dysphagia. With their specialized knowledge of oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal musculature, they contribute actively to identifying the cause of dysphagia and play a central role in determining a person’s rehabilitation potential.
Their intervention begins with a detailed analysis of how the person eats and drinks, as well as the functioning of the muscles of the mouth, face, and neck.
This clinical observation helps identify signs of difficulty and provides insight into how swallowing occurs in daily life.
Depending on the situation, the speech‑language pathologist may complete the assessment with specialized examinations such as a videofluoroscopic swallow study or a fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES).
These tools provide a precise view of the path taken by food and liquids and help identify potential risks.
Based on all the information gathered, the speech‑language pathologist, in collaboration with the attending physician, determines the etiology of the dysphagia as well as the person’s rehabilitation and adaptation capacities. They then provide personalized recommendations, such as:
- Adjusting posture or drinking method
- Simple strategies to make meals easier and reduce risks
- Targeted exercises to strengthen the muscles involved in swallowing and improve coordination
Throughout the follow‑up, the speech‑language pathologist works closely with other health professionals to ensure comprehensive and coordinated care.
They support the individual and their family by providing concrete tools to prevent complications, promote autonomy, and—above all—restore comfort and pleasure in eating.
Speech‑language pathologists work primarily in acute‑care hospital settings and in private practice. You can consult the OOAQ website to find a qualified professional in this field:
