What is dysphagia

Dysphagia is a swallowing disorder, meaning a difficulty swallowing food, liquids, or even saliva.

It is not a disease in itself, but a symptom , a condition that can have several causes.

How dysphagia manifests

People living with dysphagia may experience:

• A sensation that food is “stuck” in the throat.

• Coughing or choking while eating or drinking.

• A wet or gurgly voice after swallowing.

• Weight loss or fatigue related to meals.

• Fear or stress at mealtimes.

Why it happens

Swallowing is a complex process involving more than 30 muscles and several nerves.

Dysphagia can be caused by:

• A stroke

• A neurological disease (Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis, ALS…)

• Head and neck cancer or its treatments

• Aging

• Trauma

• Structural issues (e.g., a narrowed esophagus)

Why it’s important to recognize the signs

Dysphagia can lead to:

• Malnutrition

• Dehydration

• Aspiration (food entering the airway.

• Aspiration pneumonia, which can sometimes be severe

• Loss of pleasure and dignity at mealtimes

This is why early detection and appropriate support are essential.

 

Role of nutritionist.

Role of the Speech-Language Pathologist

Role of Occupational Therapist